How to semi-quantitatively grade Mitral Regurgitation (MR) on echocardiography?
A quick guide using practical Doppler-based parameters:
1️⃣ Color Flow Jet Area (Apical 4-Chamber View):
➡️ Jet area as % of LA area:
🔵 Mild: <20%
🔵 Moderate: 20–39%
🔵 Severe: ≥40% or very…
PVC localization on ECG.
Premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) are early depolarizations originating from the ventricles, bypassing the His-Purkinje system.
This powerful image illustrates PVCs from different anatomical origins➡️outflow tracts (RVOT/LVOT) and the tricuspid…
1/⚡️ Ever heard of the Pickelhaube sign? It’s not just history — it’s cardiology! A quick 🧵 on how this spiked helmet shows up in ECGs and echocardiograms.
New Clinical Consensus on Left Atrium & Left Atrial Appendage Imaging 🚨
The #EACVI with EHRA has released updated guidance on #MMI for the assessment of the Left Atrium (LA) & Left Atrial Appendage (LAA).
This evidence-based document is essential for improving diagnosis,…
Myocardial Bridging: A Hidden Cause of Angina 🫀 Myocardial bridging occurs when a segment of a coronary artery, most commonly the left anterior descending (LAD), tunnels through the heart muscle instead of running on the surface.
Understanding Transducer Movements in Transthoracic Echo (TTE)
Accurate echocardiographic imaging depends heavily on how the transducer is manipulated on the chest wall. This image illustrates 3 essential movements:
(A) Tilting in place changes the angle of the ultrasound beam,…
A 48 year old male presented with effort angina, TMT +ve, CT CAG was done, invasive CAG not done yet. I am desperately trying to demonstrate the likely cause for angina in TEE which is already beautifully demonstrated in CTCAG.
✨ASD in the elderly - A thread 🧵 1/6
Please share your thoughts 🧠🌟
🧩70y 👵🏽, previous MI, NYHA II, lipotimia.
On a transthoracic #echofirst:
ASD ostium secundum + moderate AR / mild-to-moderate MR
Qp:Qs = 1.3:1 (reliable?🤔)
EF 64%
Poll below…
@dr_benoy_n_shah…
Understanding regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) starts with this: the 17-segment LV model.
It divides the left ventricle into basal, mid, apical segments for precise localization of dysfunction.
Why does it matter?
RWMA refers to areas of the LV wall that contract…
Recognizing PVCs from the Papillary Muscles on ECG – Key to Targeted Therapy
Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVCs) can arise from the anterolateral or inferomedial papillary muscles of the left ventricle—both mid-cavity structures. The ECG features help localize the origin and…
M-mode echocardiography at the mitral valve level provides crucial insights into LV function.
- It captures the RV, LV, mitral leaflets, interventricular septum, and posterior LV wall motion.
- The E-point represents early diastolic anterior mitral leaflet motion, while the…
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